Phylum Arthropoda
characteristics
- Exoskeleton made of chitin
- Appendages (used for many purposes)
- advanced respiratory system (actual system depends on environment)
- specialization for body structures
- very developed senses
- ventral nerve cord
- open style circulatory system
grasshopper lab
1. Label the external features on the diagram (below)
2. the sex of my grasshopper is female. I know this because it has an oviposter, and it is larger than the male grasshoppers.
3. what is the function of each mouth part:
5. complete the following:
Number of body regions: 3
is the body segmented: yes, specialized
number of walking legs: 4
number of jumping legs:2
are the appendages jointed:yes
type of skeleton: exoskeleton
are there fused body regions: yes, cephalothorax
number and types of eyes: compound: 2, occelli: 2
number of antennae: 2
number of wings: 2
type of respiratory organs: traichids
are the sexes seperate: yes
location of main nerve cord: ventral
type of circulatory system: open
location of heart: dorsal
excretory organ: malpighian tubules
2. the sex of my grasshopper is female. I know this because it has an oviposter, and it is larger than the male grasshoppers.
3. what is the function of each mouth part:
- labrum: top lip
- labium: bottom lip
- maxilla: sensing prey, guiding prey towards the mouth
- mandible: jaw
- hypopharynx: tongue
5. complete the following:
Number of body regions: 3
is the body segmented: yes, specialized
number of walking legs: 4
number of jumping legs:2
are the appendages jointed:yes
type of skeleton: exoskeleton
are there fused body regions: yes, cephalothorax
number and types of eyes: compound: 2, occelli: 2
number of antennae: 2
number of wings: 2
type of respiratory organs: traichids
are the sexes seperate: yes
location of main nerve cord: ventral
type of circulatory system: open
location of heart: dorsal
excretory organ: malpighian tubules
#1:
#2
Crayfish lab
1. how many pairs of appendages did your crayfish have: 14
2. label the diagram of the crayfish (below)
3. how do the mouth parts of the crayfish compare to those of the grasshopper: the crayfish and grasshopper have the same mouth parts, but the crayfish has many more of each. the maxillae and mandibles are also larger.
4. how does the thickness of the exoskeleton is thinner and more flexible than that of the leg: the part of the exoskeleton around the joints is flexible and soft, as the rest of the exoskeleton on the leg is hard and stiff.
5. my crayfish was female i know this because all pairs of swimmerettes were identical, no pseudopenis.
6. why is there so much surface are on the gills of a crayfish: the gills are so large as to filter as much oxygen from the water as possible
7. Write out the digestive system, label the structures where the food would pass through: food is sensed by antennae and antennules, guided into the mouth by maxilla and chewed with the mandibles. the chewed food is sent doesn't the esophagus to the stomach, digestive glands make enzymes to digest the food, and it it sent to the intestine, the nutrients are transferrd to the blood (open circulatory system) and the unusable waste is excreted through the anus.
8. which appendages are used to:
sense: antennae, eyes, antennules
defend: cheliped, carapace
mate: pseudopenis, receptacle
eat: mouth, maxillus, labrum, labium
chew: mandibles
move backwards: walking legs
move forwards: tail, swimmerettes
swim: tail, swimmerettes
9. how are arthropods ore advanced than other phyla we've looked at this far:
2. label the diagram of the crayfish (below)
3. how do the mouth parts of the crayfish compare to those of the grasshopper: the crayfish and grasshopper have the same mouth parts, but the crayfish has many more of each. the maxillae and mandibles are also larger.
4. how does the thickness of the exoskeleton is thinner and more flexible than that of the leg: the part of the exoskeleton around the joints is flexible and soft, as the rest of the exoskeleton on the leg is hard and stiff.
5. my crayfish was female i know this because all pairs of swimmerettes were identical, no pseudopenis.
6. why is there so much surface are on the gills of a crayfish: the gills are so large as to filter as much oxygen from the water as possible
7. Write out the digestive system, label the structures where the food would pass through: food is sensed by antennae and antennules, guided into the mouth by maxilla and chewed with the mandibles. the chewed food is sent doesn't the esophagus to the stomach, digestive glands make enzymes to digest the food, and it it sent to the intestine, the nutrients are transferrd to the blood (open circulatory system) and the unusable waste is excreted through the anus.
8. which appendages are used to:
sense: antennae, eyes, antennules
defend: cheliped, carapace
mate: pseudopenis, receptacle
eat: mouth, maxillus, labrum, labium
chew: mandibles
move backwards: walking legs
move forwards: tail, swimmerettes
swim: tail, swimmerettes
9. how are arthropods ore advanced than other phyla we've looked at this far:
- hard exoskeletons
- advanced sensory organs
- open circulatory system
- respiratory system
- appendages for multiple purposes
#2